{
    "query": "44",
    "resultCount": 3,
    "source": "kingbrand.com\/Studies.php",
    "results": [
        {
            "studyNumber": 35,
            "shortTitle": "A Positive Correlation between Steroid Injections and Cuff Tendon Tears",
            "fullTitle": "A Positive Correlation between Steroid Injections and Cuff Tendon Tears",
            "authors": "Chih-Kai Hong, Chih-Hao Chiu, Chih-Hsiu Cheng, Chih-Yang Lin, Chih-Kai Hong",
            "journal": "Journal of Clinical Medicine (2022)",
            "summary": "This retrospective cohort study investigated the association between corticosteroid injections and the incidence of rotator cuff tendon tears. Analyzing data from 1,025 patients with shoulder diseases, the study found that those who received steroid injections had a significantly higher incidence of cuff tendon tears (9.8%) compared to those who did not receive injections. The adjusted hazard ratio was 7.44, indicating a strong correlation between steroid injections and increased risk of tendon tears. The authors concluded that steroid injections should be administered cautiously, considering the potential risk of tendon rupture.",
            "pubmedUrl": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/35457390\/"
        },
        {
            "studyNumber": 79,
            "shortTitle": "COX-2 Inhibitors Impair Soft Tissue Healing While Nonselective NSAIDs May Not",
            "fullTitle": "Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and Their Effect on Musculoskeletal Soft-Tissue Healing: A Scoping Review.",
            "authors": "Ghosh N, Kolade OO, Shontz E, Rosenthal Y, Zuckerman JD, Bosco JA, et al.",
            "journal": "JBJS Reviews (2019)",
            "summary": "This scoping review examined 44 studies to evaluate the effects of NSAIDs on the healing of musculoskeletal soft tissues including ligaments, tendons, labrum, and meniscus. The findings reveal an important distinction between types of NSAIDs. The majority of studies, including 1 of 2 human studies, 10 of 14 animal studies, and 3 of 3 in vitro studies, demonstrated that COX-2-selective inhibitors (such as celecoxib) had a negative impact on soft tissue healing. In contrast, the majority of studies showed that nonselective COX inhibitors (such as ibuprofen) had no negative effect on the healing of labrum, tendons, and ligaments. In vitro studies showed that NSAIDs generally have a harmful effect on the biological processes involved in tendon healing, including tenocyte proliferation and collagen synthesis. This study supports the nuanced position that not all NSAIDs affect healing equally. The anti-inflammatory properties of nonselective NSAIDs may benefit conditions involving tendons, ligaments, and cartilage where inflammation increases reinjury risk, while COX-2 selective inhibitors should be avoided during healing. These findings highlight the importance of understanding which specific medication a patient is taking and how it may interact with their recovery from a soft tissue injury.",
            "pubmedUrl": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31851037\/"
        },
        {
            "studyNumber": 80,
            "shortTitle": "Short-Term NSAIDs Are Safe for Soft Tissue but Impair Bone Healing",
            "fullTitle": "The effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on tissue healing.",
            "authors": "Chen MR, Dragoo JL",
            "journal": "Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy (2013)",
            "summary": "This critical review analyzed 44 studies to evaluate the effects of NSAIDs and COX-2 inhibitors on both soft tissue and bone healing. The review found that there is insufficient evidence of a detrimental effect when using either NSAIDs or COX-2 inhibitors at standard doses for 2 weeks or less on soft tissue healing. However, for soft tissue to bone healing, a limited number of studies did demonstrate impairment. With respect to bone healing, indomethacin showed a clear detrimental effect, with less substantial evidence for other NSAIDs. The study concludes that short-term, low-dose use of NSAIDs does not appear to harm soft tissue recovery following injury, but is inhibitory in cases where bone healing is required. This distinction is clinically important because it demonstrates that NSAIDs can be used selectively depending on the type of tissue being treated. For soft tissue injuries such as tendon, ligament, and muscle injuries, short-term NSAID use may be appropriate to manage inflammation. However, when bone healing is involved, such as fractures or spinal fusion, NSAIDs should be avoided. The review emphasizes that the prudent use of anti-inflammatory medications following sports medicine injuries is a reasonable option unless bone healing is a concern.",
            "pubmedUrl": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/22744434\/"
        }
    ]
}